|
Map Zoom + | Normal | Zoom - 
Introduction Shortly after independence, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule came to an end in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities. Geography Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique. Coordinates: 6 00 E, 35 00 S. Total area: 945.087 sq km (including the islands of Zanzibar and Mafia), of which 886.037 are land. Land boundaries: 3.861 km (Burundi 451 km, Democratic Republic of Congo 459 km, Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756 km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km ). Coastline: 1.424 km. Climate: varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands. Terrain: plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south. Elevation extremes: Indian Ocean (0 m) and Mount Kilimanjaro (5.895 m). Land use: 4,52 %, with 1,08 % of permanent crops. Irrigated land: 1.550 sq km. People Population: 36.588.225. Age structure: 0-14 years 44,2 %, 15-64 years 53,2 %, more than 65 years 2,6 %. Median age: 17,6 years. Life expectancy: 44,4 years. Etnic groups: mainland - native African 99% (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), other 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar - Arab, native African, mixed Arab and native African. Religion: mainland - Christian 30%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 35%; Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslim. Languages: officials are kiswahili and english. Arab widely used in Zanzibar. Literacy: 78,2 % for population over 15 years of age. Government Type: republic. Capital: being transferred from Dar es Salaam to Dodoma. Administrative regions: 26 (Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Iringa, Kagera, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Lindi, Manyara, Mara, Mbeya, Morogoro, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pemba North, Pemba South, Pwani, Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga, Singida, Tabora, Tanga, Zanzibar Central/South, Zanzibar North, Zanzibar Urban/West). Independence: 26 April 1964; Tanganyika became independent 9 December 1961 (from UK-administered UN trusteeship); Zanzibar became independent 19 December 1963 (from UK); Tanganyika united with Zanzibar 26 April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar; renamed United Republic of Tanzania 29 October 1964. Constitution: 25 April 1977; major revisions October 1984. Legal system: based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction. Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal. Chief of state: President Benjamin William MKAPA (since 23 November 1995); Vice President Dr. Ali Mohammed SHEIN (since 5 July 2001); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: |
President Benjamin William MKAPA (since 23 November 1995); Vice President Dr. Ali Mohammed SHEIN (since 5 July 2001); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
note: Zanzibar elects a president who is head of government for matters internal to Zanzibar; Amani Abeid KARUME was elected to that office on 29 October 2000
cabinet: Cabinet ministers, including the prime minister, are appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ballot by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 29 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2005); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Benjamin William MKAPA reelected president; percent of vote - Benjamin William MKAPA 71.7%, Ibrahim Haruna LIPUMBA 16.3%, Augustine Lyatonga MREME 7.8%, John Momose CHEYO 4.2%. Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (274 seats - 232 elected by popular vote, 37 allocated to women nominated by the president, five to members of the Zanzibar House of Representatives; members serve five-year terms); note - in addition to enacting laws that apply to the entire United Republic of Tanzania, the Assembly enacts laws that apply only to the mainland; Zanzibar has its own House of Representatives to make laws especially for Zanzibar (the Zanzibar House of Representatives has 50 seats, directly elected by universal suffrage to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 29 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2005) election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CCM 244, CUF 16, CHADEMA 4, TLP 3, UDP 2, Zanzibar representatives 5; Zanzibar House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CCM 34, CUF 16. Juditial branch: Permanent Commission of Enquiry (official ombudsman); Court of Appeal (consists of a chief justice and four judges); High Court (consists of a Jaji Kiongozi and 29 judges appointed by the president; holds regular sessions in all regions); District Courts; Primary Courts (limited jurisdiction and appeals can be made to the higher courts) Main political parties: Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (Party for Democracy and Development) or CHADEMA [Bob Makani]; Chama Cha Mapinduzi o CCM (Revolutionary Party) [Benjamin William Mkapa]; Civic United Front or CUF [Ibrahim Lipumba]; Democratic Party [Christopher Mtikla]; Tanzania Labor Party or TLP [Augustine Lyatonga Mrema]; United Democratic Party or UDP [John Cheyo]. Economy Description: Tanzania is one of the poorest countries on earth. Economy is almost totally based on agriculture, which accounts for a 50 % of the GDP and 85 % of all exports. 80 % of active population works in agriculture. However, topography and climate conditions limit cultivated crops to 4 % of arable land. GDP: 22 billion dolars. GDP per capita: 600 dollars. GDP by sector: agriculture 43,6 %, industry 16,4 %, services 40 %. Population below poverty line: 36 %. Inflation rate: 4,4 %. Agriculture, products: coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), cashew nuts, tobacco, cloves, corn, wheat, cassava (tapioca), bananas, fruits, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats. Industries: agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine), diamond and gold mining, oil refining, shoes, cement, textiles, wood products, fertilizer, salt. External debt: 6 billion dollars. Currency: Tanzanian schilling (TSZ). Other useful data Time zone: GMT +3. Visas: All visitors from Europe, North America and Australasia require a visa. You will need proof of yellow fever vaccination if travelling to Zanzibar. Dialling code: 255. Electricity: 220 V, 50 Hz. |
  |
 |
Who we are... Where we are... What we do... |
Come close to ASF and meet the Foundation. |
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
The Foundation in pictures.
C/Berruguete 5 - 28039 Madrid,Spain
info@agronomossinfronteras.org